5288
RANIA ADEL ABD-RABOH AL-KERSH
HYDRAULIC STUDIES OF DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM UNDER USING LOW QUALITY
WATER CONDITIONS
Hydraulic, drip irrigation, emitter types, water salinity, turnip, water use efficiency.
Water characteristics have the majority effect on the hydraulic performance of on-farm irrigation systems and their equipment. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the hydraulic characterization of surface drip irrigation system and its emitters under saline-water conditions. Herby, laboratory experiment was carried out at water Relations and Field Irrigation Dept., (NRC) to evaluate hydraulic performance of five emitter types and selected the best to applied in the field experiment, which applied in Research and Research and Production Station, NRC, Nubaria, El-Beheara Governorate, Egypt, during 2015/2016 growing season to study the effect of the selected emitters types under different irrigation water salinity on the hydraulic properties of the drip irrigation system, plant growth characters and yield of turnip crop. Lab experiments were conducted to evaluate hydraulic parameters for five emitter types [Non pressure compensating 1emitter (NPC1), Non pressure compensating 2 emitter (NPC2), Non pressure compensating 3 emitter (NPC3), pressure compensating emitter (PC), and Pressure compensating and Self-flushing emitter (PCS)] under water salinity (345, 2000, 4000, 6000; 8000 ppm) and different operation pressure heads (0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8; 2 bar). Results of a lab experiment, in the case of using NPC1, NPC2 and NPC3 at using water salinity 345, 2000 and 4000 ppm were better in uniformity coefficient, manufacture variation, andclogging ratio. It could be concluded that emitter types of NPC1, NPC2, and NPC3 under using water salinity 345, 2000, and 4000 ppm were the best and could be recommended to apply in the field research work. While in field experiment which was carried out to study the effect of some selected emitters (NPC1, NPC2, and, NPC3) under different water salinity,(2000 and 4000 ppm in addition to the canal water, 345 ppm) and operating pressure (0.8, 1.0, 1.2, and 1.4) on the plant growth characters and yield of turnip (Brassica rapa L). According to field experiment, data revealed that the highest values of the estimated plant characters were attending at 345 ppm water salinity under all examined emitters. Emitter NPC1 gained the highest yield value (22.28 ton/fed) and NPC3 got the lowest one (19.23 ton/fed), while NPC2 emitter has a superior effect on yield and recorded the highest values which ranged from 27.5; 19.1 ton/fed at 354; 4000 ppm and 12.99, 8.22 kg/m3, respectively, while Emitter NPC1 gained the highest yield value (22.28 ton/fed) and NPC3 got the lowest one (19.23 ton/fed) with difference 16 %, while NPC2 recorded the highest water use efficiency, WUE (10.77 kg/m3). WUE for examined emitters NPC2 had a positive effect and recorded increase about 14.5% (NPC1) and 17.4 % (NPC3). The rate of reduction in yield and WUE relative to salinity were 20 and 35 % for irrigation water salinity 2000 and 4000 ppm relative to control one (345 ppm).
2016
M.Sc
Ain Shams
Agriculture