5542
Omaima Abd El-Hafiz Hussain Hassan
Reduction of Hazards Due to Biochemical Changes Resultig from Ingesting Zearalenone in Egypt and South Africa
Zearalenone, Detoxification, Radiation, Isolation, Lactobacillus plantarum, Identification, Polymerase chain reaction , Fusarium,sp
Zearalenone (ZEA) is an estrogenic mycotoxin produced by Fusarium fungi. Several species of the genus frequently contaminated different grains and other crops. ZEA has an impact on human and animal health. Therefore, this study aimed to decrease ZEA hazards using Lactobacillus Plantarum and gamma radiation. The study included surveying 150 samples grains 25 of each (wheat, white corn, yellow corn, feed corn, barley and rice) obtained from different local markets from the following Governorates; Cairo, Alexandria, Giza, Qena, and Gharbiya. The survey revealed that all grains were infected to a various degree with different fungi. The results revealed that 13 Fusarium species were isolated from (wheat, white corn, Feed corn and rice), 12 from barely and 3 from yellow corn which platted in PDA medium. On the other hand 2 positive samples contained ZEA from all collected samples. The limit of detection was lower than the limit of quantification at 10 µg/kg to 48 µg/kg in yellow corn samples. Fusarium species were identified morphologically and then molecularly using Polymerase Chain Reaction. The results revealed that first Fusarium strain exhibited a high level of 18S rRNA similarity (99%) with Fusarium verticillioides isolate (GenBank accession No KJ207389). whereas the second fungal strain of the sequenced 18S rRNA gene was identified as a close relative (99%) to Fusarium moniliforme (GenBank accession No.KP8932121). On studing the protective activity of Lactobacillus plantarum using Technetium-99m-labeled ZEA for organ, toxicity 99mTc-ZEA was concentrated in target organ (ovary) in the first group of mice by 5.2± 0.71 % after 30 minutes post injection. The second group of mice which took L. pantarum ZEA was decreased to give 0.3±0.00 % at the same time. 99mTc- ZEA was distributed primarily in the intestine (44.5%) and liver (20.12%) after 120 minutes in the first group of mice and in the second group of mice which received both 99mTc -ZEA and L. pantarum, labeled ZEA was accumulated primarily in the intestine (46.8%) and liver (18.9%). The decrease of labeled ZEA in liver, intestine and ovary was due to the effect of lactic acid bacteria. The results indicated that γ-rays reduced ZEA in wheat samples ranging from 49.0 to 97.0%. In maize samples, the reduction of ZEA ranged from 28.9 to 51.1%, and in popcorn samples, the reduction of ZEA ranged from 26.6to 59.9% at 5 and 20 kGy respectively. It was noticed that ZEA reduction was increased by the increase of gamma radiation and differenced by species of grains. .
2019
M.Sc
Cairo
Institute of Afican Research and studies