5669
Essam Mahmoud Abdel-Fatah Saleh
Soil Contamination By Heavy Metals And Their Chemical And Biological Remediation Methods For A Safe Food In Egypt And Sudan
Food safety, heavy metals, soil, irrigation water, maize, uptake,
remediation, metal fractionations, Egypt, Sudan.
This study aimed to determine the heavy metals content and chemical characterization of the irrigation water samples collected from different water sources, as well as to determine the heavy metals content and physicochemical characterization of the agricultural soil samples collected from some Egyptian and Sudanese governorates. Also, to determine the heavy metals content in the maize samples collected from Egypt. Levels of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, Ni and Cr) in different samples were determined using ICP-OES. Also, to study the total uptake and risk assessment of heavy metals in the maize parts. The samples of Egypt were collected from 5 agricultural sites irrigated with freshwater (Nile River water and groundwater), as well as 4 agricultural sites irrigated with lowquality water (contaminated by sewage and industrial wastewater). The samples of Sudan were collected from Al-Khartoum, Om-Dorman and Al-Gazeera governorates. Finally, to study the effect of different treatments such as biochar (T1), biochar supplemented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae (T2), S. cerevisiae (T3), Pseudomonas fluorescens (T4) and zeolite (T5) on behavior of heavy metals in the maize (metals uptake) and the soil (available metals, metals fractionation, remediation index and mobility factor). Results exhibited that the location (source of irrigation water) was found to have a significant effect on the heavy metals content in water samples. Heavy metals levels in the low-quality water samples were higher than those of the freshwater samples. Also, levels of heavy metals in the soil and maize samples were significantly affected by its levels in the irrigation water; where, the levels of metals in soil and maize parts irrigated by low-quality water possessed the multiple concentrations in comparison with those irrigated by freshwater. Specific water sources such as Kafr-Dokhmais and Al-Nasiria sites (Kafr ElSheikh governorate) had the highest levels of metals in samples of irrigation water, soil and maize grains (p<0.05). In addition, levels of heavy metals in the samples collected from Egypt (irrigation water and soil) were higher than their levels in the samples collected from Sudan. With regard to total uptake in different maize parts and risk assessment of heavy metals in maize grains, the values of metal levels, daily intake of metals (DIM) and health risk index (HRI) of maize irrigated with low-quality water were higher than those irrigated with freshwater.
2020
Ph.d
Cairo
Agriculture