5304
HANAN HAGGAG ABDEL-KADER
EFFECT OF ORGANICFERTILIZATIONAND WATER REQUIREMENTS ON OLIVE PRODUCTIVITY IN EGYPT AND TUNISIA
Olive cultivars, mineral and organic nitrogen fertilizers, water requirements, leaves and fruits mineral status, productivity and oil quantity and quality.
To investigate the effect of partial replacement of mineral nitrogen fertilizer (as ammonium sulphate) by farmyard–manure (as organic fertilizer),a field experiment was carried out in the experimental station of National Research Centre in El-Bostan area, Egypt, during the two successive seasons 2012 and 2013. Five different rates of fertilizers were used {100% chemical fertilizer (F1), 75% chemical fertilizer +25% organic fertilizer(F2), 50% chemical fertilizer +50% organic fertilizer(F3), 25% chemical fertilizer +75% organic fertilizer (F4) and 100% organic fertilizer (F5)}and combined with three different levels of water requirements100%, 66% and 33% of ETc on olive productivity, some nutrient content of leaves and fruits, oil quantity and quality of two olive cultivars (Kronaki as oil production and Picual as dual purpose) under drip irrigation system. The obtained results indicated that, decreasing irrigation water levels reduced leaves nitrogen, potassium and calcium concentration of both cultivars in the two seasons, increasing the ratio of organic fertilizer in fertilization treatments significantly decreased nitrogen concentration, while potassium concentration significantly increased. No trend were observed in leaves calcium concentration but treatment F5 recorded the highest calcium concentration in the two seasons. Leaves phosphorus concentration significantly increased with increasing organic fertilizer in the two seasons. No significant difference was found between irrigation treatments on phosphorus concentration. Increasing irrigation water causes an increase in fruits nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium. Fruits N, P concentration decreased by increasing organic fertilizer while potassium increased. Application of 50% chemical N fertilizer + 50% organic fertilizer under all irrigation water levels gave the highest fruit yield and oil content comparedwith the other fertilization treatments. On the other hand, 66% irrigation water treatment recorded the highest fruit and oil content. Acid value, peroxide value K232 and K270 decreased with reducing irrigation water. Treatment of 33% recorded the lowest one. Fertilization treatment of 100% farmyard manure register the lowest peroxide and acid value while 100% chemical nitrogen fertilizer recorded the highest one.
2015
Ph.d
Cairo
Institute of Afican Research and studies