5449
sayeda abdel razek abdel hamid
Biochemical studies on the production of biodiesel from some species of fungi
Biodiesel – Penicillium commune NRC 2016 – Fusarium oxysporum NRC 2017 – GC analysis – Fatty acids –Optimization conditions – Agro-industrial waste products – Physical properties.
XV ABSTRACT Biodiesel is a type of renewable energy, ideal substitute for petroleum based diesel fuel. It is usually made from triglycerides by esterification with alcohols. Twenty-five from 36 local filamentous fungi were selected and screened for their abilities to produce biodiesel using Nile-red staining assay. Among the tested filamentous fungi, Penicillium commune NRC 2016 and Fusarium oxysporum NRC 2017 strains for biodiesel production were selected and identified based on the morphological and molecular methods. Gas chromatography (GC) analysis for fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) of P. commune NRC 2016 revealed presence of 20.0% palmitic acid, 4.7% stearic acid, 13.8% oleic acid, 32.0% linoleic acid, 1.8% α-linolenic acid and 16.1% arachidonic acid. While for F. oxysporum NRC 2017 were 2.2% palmitoleic acid, 11.1% oleic acid, 5.6% linoleic acid, 3.0% α-linoleic acid, 2.5% eicosatrienoic acid, 6.8% eicosapentaenoic acid, 16.1% erucic acid, 4.2% margaric acid and 3.9% behenic acid. Optimization of culture conditions for P. commune NRC 2016 and F. oxysporum NRC 2017 maximum growth rate and lipid production were investigated, and the results clearly indicated that a basal liquid medium was the most suitable medium with initial pH 7.0 and 5.0, incubation temperature 20 and 30°C, after five and nine days of incubation time in a static condition for both the fungal strains ABSTRACT XVI respectively. Six types of Agro-industrial waste products as semi-solid fermentation (breaking rice, wheat bran, rice straw, corn stalk, sweet sorghum, and bagasse) were used for P. commune NRC 2016 and F. oxysporum NRC 2017 growth and lipid production. The highest lipid accumulation (99.1 mg/g) was obtained with the first strain in presence of sweet sorghum. While in case of the second strain the high lipid production (98.3 mg/g) was in presence of baggase as compared with the other wastes. Biodiesel obtained from P. commune NRC 2016 and F. oxysporum NRC 2017 were blended with petroleum diesel at 5% ''B5'' and the physical properties of the blending biodiesel for each strain was determined and the obtained results were: density 0.8 and 0.8 g/ml, viscosity 2.1 and 2.6 mm2/s, flash point 77.0 and 85.8°C, cloud point -1.5 and 0.0°C, iodine value 42.3 and 92.7 gI2/100g, acid value 2.1 and 1.6 mg/g, pour point -1.7 and -1.3°C and cetane number 47.8 and 32.9 min respectively.
2018
M.Sc
Ain Shams
Faculty of Girls for Art Science