5009
MARWA MAHMOUD ABD-ELBASET
pTHE EFFECT OF AUTOMATIC SCHEDULING OF IRRIGATION ON THE IMPROVEMENT OF WATER USE EFFICIENCY AND CROP PRODUCTIVITY UNDER DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM
automatic scheduling irrigation, scheduling potassium fertilizer, drip irrigation, moisture distribution, automatic tensiometer and validation simulation model.
Field experiments were carried out in the Experimental Farm of Agricultural Production and Research Station of National Research Centre (APRS, NRC), El Nubaria Province, Egypt, throughout two growth seasons (2012 - 2013 and 2013 - 2014) under sand soil conditions to study the effect of automatic irrigation scheduling through two programmable control panel. The first, by using data taken from the records of the Central Laboratory of Agricultural Climate (CLAC). The second, by using the daily registered meteorological data taken from the Automatic Meteorological Station (AMS) located in the same farm (APRS, NRC) in Nubaria. Using tensiometers connected with wires to solenoid valve, at different levels of moisture (85, 75 and 60 % of FC) and validation of Aquacrop program of soil moisture for different AWC % under irrometer. Scheduling potassium treatments (50, 75 and 100 %) of the recommended amounts by ARC, Ministry of Agric. and Land Reclamation for pea crop (100 Kg/fed) were applied through the surface drip irrigation system, equally in the twelve experimental splits at 7-days interval under different automatic scheduling irrigation treatments. Theobtained results revealed that: a clear difference is noticed between the calculated values of (CROPWAT 8) datarange 3.44 – 1.48 mm/day and (CROPWAT 8 CLIMWAT 2) data range from 3.79 - 2.03 mm /day. In the same time, the data recorded in two successive winter seasons, by the automatic metrological station (CROPWAT 8), showed slight differences in its values. On the other hand water total requirements of CROPWAT 8 and CROPWAT 8 CLIMWAT 2 were 630.4 m3\fed and 707 m3\fed respectively. Results under irrometer by using different levels of moisture (85, 75 and 60 % of FC), pressure head (0.70, 0.75 and 0.85 bar). Average Kc in the initial stage was 0.071, 0.07 and 0.05, in the mid season was 1, 0.98 and 0.98 and the end stage was 0.83, 0.73 and 0.73 respectively. The tendency of water distribution and its average content in the soil profile increase relevant to the irrigation under the CROPWAT 8 CLIMWAT 2 when comparing the average contents of water in the profile for all the cases of irrigation treatment. Validation of Aqua crop program of soil moisture for different AWC % under irrometer, the trend of measured soil water content revealed that predicted by using Aquacrop simulation model. Atthe end it can be concluded that Using of Aquacrop simulation model is acceptable for predicting soil water content during the crop growth period, to maximize irrigation water unit productivity. The results showed that the overlap between the potassium fertilization rate of 100% under the irrigation scheduling system APRS, NRC were the best. Using automatic irrigation scheduling proved to be easy and does not need high skills in operation and maintenance.
2015
Ph.d
Ain Shams
Agriculture