4985
Rania Tawfiek Ali Mohammed
Cytogenetic Effects of Some Stored Seeds Protectants Against Bruchids Pest on Vicia faba Plant
Cytogenetic / Stored Seeds / Protectants / Bruchids
The present work aims to evaluate the cytogenetic effect of two synthetic pesticides (Malathion 1%: 0.08g / 100g ; Phosphine: 0.003g / 350 cm3), commonly used in Egypt, to protect the stored beans from two storage Bruchids pests (Callosobruchus maculates F and C. chinensis L.); and another two plant products (Lupinus termis seeds powder: 0.8% w/w; Nigella sativa (black cumin) seeds powder: 0.8% w/w), which show promising affectivity against the same target pests after six months of storing seeds of Vicia faba plant (Var. Giza 716) under treatment with (1, 2&4 EC) of either of the tested agents. The evaluation experiments took place by studying their effect on the division apparatuses of somatic & germ cells (mitosis and meiosis); the variation in some metric traits in F1&F2 generation plants (plant height, number of pods/ plant, number of seeds/ plant, weight of seeds/ plant and weight of 100 seeds / plant); protein profiles of the M2 seeds in addition to ultrastructural investigation of some cytoplasmic organelles. For each concentration comparing with concomitant negative control; the data revealed that, the applied treatments with the recommended concentration of Malathion 1% and Lupinus termis seeds powder were with no cytotoxicityor clastogenicity contrary with that, treatments with either black cumin seeds powder or with Phosphine gas which were with cytotoxic, mutagenic, chromotoxic and clastogenic effects. The four tested agents induced highly significant percentages of abnormal mitoses and abnormal PMCs/ plant, chromosomes abnormalities were concentration-dependent arranged in the following order of frequency; stickiness disturbances laggard fragments& breakages micronucleus in both divisions. The four treatments with the effective concentrations showed non significant reduction in all the concerned metric traits, SDS-PAGE studies clears the qualitative variations in M2 seed protein among the treatments, thevariations showed that, both Phos. and bcSP were the more potential mutagenic agents and LtSP followed by Mal. were the least. Transmission electron microscope clears that Phos. or bcSP were the more effective on the structure and function of the cytoplasmic organelles mainly mitochondria; endoplasmic reticulum and dictyosomes, while those of Mal. and LtSP were the least effective. The obtained results approved the possibility of using the synthetic insecticide Malathion 1% or Lupinus termis seeds powder by the most optimum visibility, as they have the least damaging effect on the cell genome or cytoplasmic organelles if used in the recommended concentration.
2015
Ph.d
Ain Shams
Science